Marketing and data are intrinsically linked in today’s digital economy, where data-driven insights allow campaigns to be personalized and optimized for maximum impact. This involves gathering large amounts of customer data from various sources: web behavior, social media, CRM systems, email platforms, and offline interactions. These data streams enable marketers…
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The ePrivacy Directive supplements the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) by specifically protecting the confidentiality of electronic communications and regulating the use of cookies and similar tracking technologies. This directive requires all online services—from e-commerce platforms to mobile apps—to inform users in advance and unambiguously about which cookies are being…
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Maintaining relationships with Data Protection Authorities (DPAs) requires a deeply embedded compliance culture and thoughtful procedures to ensure that investigations proceed smoothly and within legal timeframes. Once a DPA initiates a formal investigation, organizations are expected to submit all relevant documentation—such as records of processing activities, DPIAs, data breach reports,…
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The role of the Data Controller (DC) is central under the GDPR, as this entity is the primary decision-maker regarding the purposes, means, and frameworks of all personal data processing activities. This not only involves formulating policy guidelines but also translating them into concrete implementations in IT systems, processes, and…
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Data Processors operate in the shadow of the Controller but bear a set of strict obligations to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of personal data. This role not only involves following documented instructions but also actively supporting the Controller in complying with complex GDPR obligations. Operational processes must be…
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The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) introduces a set of fundamental principles that govern the responsible processing of personal data. These core principles form the backbone of the GDPR and must be rigorously adhered to by every organization, regardless of size or sector. Ensuring compliance requires not only legal knowledge…
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The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which came into force on 25 May 2018, introduced a uniform framework for the protection of personal data across the European Union and the European Economic Area. Since then, organizations have been bound by strict requirements regarding the lawfulness and transparency of all processing…
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Privacy agreements and transactions form the legal backbone for managing personal data in complex business and supply chain environments. When drafting such agreements, details must range from the purposes of data processing to the duration of storage and methods for destruction or anonymization. At the same time, organizations must map…
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New digital products and business models are the driving forces behind competitiveness and growth potential in a rapidly evolving technological landscape. These innovations not only require advanced software and data platforms but also a robust legal and ethical framework, where privacy and data security are embedded from the concept phase.…
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Cross-border data transfer, often referred to as data export, is crucial for companies operating globally and providing data-intensive services. In an era where digital ecosystems transcend borders, the international exchange of personal data enables organizations to form partnerships with subsidiaries, suppliers, and cloud service providers in multiple jurisdictions. At the…
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